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I finished the book Following the Equator by Mark Twain. Through more than 700 pages and with lots of photos and drawings he describes his year-long trip around the world. The trip may have started in Southampton, England, which he doesn’t mention until the end and doesn’t include the trip across the Atlantic and across America. Most of the book is his visits of several months each to Australia, India, and South Africa. He also describes visits to Fiji, New Zealand, and Mauritius. He couldn’t go ashore in Hawaii because of a cholera outbreak.
He took this trip in 1895-96 to give lectures, which was a major source of income. In the book he rarely mentions the lectures and doesn’t describe what he said. At the beginning of the book he mentions the date but not the year. He does mention seeing a lunar eclipse on September 4, and an online NASA catalog showed an eclipse on that date in 1895.
In each place he describes his travels by train and ship and includes encounters with locals and descriptions of local customs and history. A regular travel book. When an incident jars his memory he’ll tell a story about something that happened in England or America. Along with that he includes much praise of the indigenous people and some condemnation of the European colonizers. Some of the highlights of the story:
His condemnation of the Queensland, Australia slave trade. South Pacific islands were raided to supply workers for the sugar cane fields of Queensland. This is brutal work. The only good thing is the slavery was for three years rather than life. Twain says the Australians claim the experience “civilized” those they enslaved, but such “civilization” didn’t last long. That doesn’t mean the freed men returned to savagery, but that the definition of civilized was meaningless.
Twain tells the story of Cecil Rhodes in Australia finding a newspaper clipping in a shark that told of impending war. The shark had come from England a lot faster than a ship could. Rhodes used the information to make himself rich.
In South Africa he talks again of Rhodes, texplaining about how much he ruled over the country, both in and out of the government. So I looked up Rhodes in Wikipedia. It talks about how much Rhodes was involved in the formation of the De Beers diamond company, which became close to a worldwide monopoly. The man created Rhodesia and is buried there, though modern locals aren’t too happy about that. Wikipedia also says there is evidence to say Rhodes was gay. The page mentions Twain writing about Rhodes in this book then adds a footnote saying the story of the shark was not true. Yup, not all of the stories and incidents Twain tells are true (a shark that visits both England and Sydney in a week?). And that’s not really a surprise, though it leaves one wondering which stories were not true.
In India Twain describes over many pages the Thuggees, a group that worshiped a god that demanded they murder. They committed many (tens of thousands?) in the early 1800s. Twain credits the British for stopping the Thuggees, and goes on to say that’s why the British rule of India was a benefit.
He takes a train trip into the Himalayas. That was nice. What was better was the trip down. It was by handcar where the only control was the brake. The 35 mile downward ride was the delight of the year.
I enjoyed the book, though by the end I felt it was too long. It does have a lot of Twain’s dry humor and I’m pleased at his support for indigenous people, who in his telling don’t seem so backward and inferior as the white people justifying colonization claimed at the time.
During 2025 I read 44 books.
Lake Superior State University released its annual list of words that should be banished for “mis-, mal-, over-use, or general uselessness.” 2026 marks the golden anniversary of the list. This year’s offenders:
6-7, that popular phrase that has no meaning.
Massive, for incorrect use and overuse.
Incentivize, where motivate should be enough.
Full stop, where a period should be enough.
My bad, an infantile way to apologize.
And for general overuse: Demure, Cooked, Gifted, Perfect, and Reach out.
This year LSSU included a list of repeat offenders, words that refused to stay banished. Banished three times is the phrase, At the End of the Day. Words and phrases banished twice are: Absolutely, Awesome, Game Changer, and Hot Water Heater (water already hot doesn’t need to be heated, it’s just a water heater).
At the start of last week Jacob Wendler of Politico reported that a dozen staffers of the Heritage Foundation, the people who created Project 2025, left that group and went to Advancing American Freedom, which was founded by former vice nasty Mike Pence. Those that left were the heads of the legal, economic, and data analysis teams and several members of their teams.
The reason for their departure stems from Tucker Carlson airing a friendly interview with Nick Fuentes in October. Fuentes is a strong antisemite. Kevin Roberts, president of the Heritage Foundation stood by Carlson’s decision to interview Fuentes. Several conservative voices rebuked Roberts. That turned into an internal squabble at HF, with some saying antisemitism has no place there and others saying only so much dissent is permitted at HF.
Some reports imply those who left HF were terminated, others say the departures were voluntary. Even so, an HF spokesman seems glad they’re gone and replacements will make them stronger. However, the infighting is reverberating through the Republican Party.
Kate Plummer of Newsweek explains the situation in more detail and used the headline “The Heritage Foundation is Imploding.”
I would be delighted if the Heritage Foundation fell apart. But I’m skeptical it will happen soon.
Steve Inskeep of NPR spoke to Republican strategist Marc Short, who is also described as the chairman of AAF. Short described the HF story from the AAF viewpoint. He went on to describe general conservative goals.
As a part of those goals Short complained about the government “picking winners and losers.” They want “a limited role of government in the economy and allowing the marketplace to thrive.”
My first reaction to that is they want limited government because government protects the little guy. And I guess “thrive” now has a definition of making money any way they can, including fleecing customers and polluting the environment.
My second reaction goes back to a post in November where I discussed late-stage capitalism. Democracy and capitalism exist together only when democracy tightly controls capitalism. Short is saying an important part of conservatism is rejecting those tight controls and letting capitalism continue to its end stage where billionaires control everything.
Alas, conservatives have a few key phrases they repeat whenever they can and media, including NPR, don’t delve into what is meant by that. The way conservatives say it limited government is a good thing. But, as we’ve seen in the last year, limited government in practice means no consumer protections (goodbye CFPB), no environmental protections (goodbye EPA), and no safety net for the poor (goodbye affordable care act premium support). And Inskeep didn’t delve into that.
This seems to fit right in. Two weeks ago Oliver Willis of Daily Kos, as part of his series of Explaining the Right wrote about Why Republican scandals and misdeeds get a pass. I’m sure I’ve written many times of something the nasty guy or Republicans did and note that if Biden or Obama had done them they would have been quickly impeached and convicted, while Republicans remain unscathed.
Willis gives other examples of other Democrats who faced tough scrutiny that sometimes ended their careers for things that were much less severe than what Republicans now commit seemingly daily.
Why does this happen, and with such regularity? The mainstream media has an institutional bias towards both-sidesism, which is the notion that the Democratic and Republican parties and the related liberal and conservative movements engage in outrages at the same pace. This simply isn’t true by any objective measure.
Another reason is that for over six decades the right has relentlessly been “working the refs,” hitting the media with false allegations of bias. The media now consistently rolls over for the right – yet still gets attacked for bias.
A third reason is the right has a great deal more “pearl-clutching energy.” They remained outraged over liberal misdeeds with more noise and for a longer time than the left can maintain over conservative misdeeds.
I’ll add a fourth reason – many mainstream media outlets are owned by billionaires or others who have a large stake in conservative goals. So they’re inherently biased.
Willis wrote that media companies can take things only so far. They fail when Americans can see the truth with their own eyes. Right now no amount of spin can mask the problems in the economy.
At the top of today’s pundit roundup for Kos Chitown Kev included a photo of the midnight swearing in of Zohran Mamdani as the mayor of New York City. It was done a subway station that’s no longer used that leads directly into City Hall. It’s a pretty location.
Mamdani had a second swearing in, this time during the day, on City Hall steps, and with the public able to attend.
Kev quoted Hayes Brown of MSNOW discussing the many artists who have canceled gigs at the Kennedy Center, especially after the nasty guy added his nasty name to the building. Ric Grenell, president of the Center, called these artists “far-left political activists.”
Brown wrote:
Grenell essentially accusing performers of being performative illustrates an utter lack of understanding about the arts and audience. It’s as though his mind cannot fathom why an artist might decide to withhold their work from certain audiences at certain venues. And as though there is not a rich tradition of art as protest in this country, either in boldly staging performances calling out injustice or in shunning stages that demanded segregated audiences.
Then Brown discussed Grenell’s focus on “sound fiscal policy.” He wants arts that actually sell tickets and make a profit. That misses the point of arts. It is why most arts institutions, including the Kennedy Center, are non-profit. Arts are important whether or not they make a profit.
The Nation magazine reposted a 2015 essay from Toni Morrison that gives another reason for what Grenell is really up to.
Dictators and tyrants routinely begin their reigns and sustain their power with the deliberate and calculated destruction of art: the censorship and book-burning of unpoliced prose, the harassment and detention of painters, journalists, poets, playwrights, novelists, essayists. This is the first step of a despot whose instinctive acts of malevolence are not simply mindless or evil; they are also perceptive. Such despots know very well that their strategy of repression will allow the real tools of oppressive power to flourish. Their plan is simple:
1. Select a useful enemy—an “Other”—to convert rage into conflict, even war.
2. Limit or erase the imagination that art provides, as well as the critical thinking of scholars and journalists.
3. Distract with toys, dreams of loot, and themes of superior religion or defiant national pride that enshrine past hurts and humiliations.
In the comments is a tweet by Prof. Peter Hotez:
Year One MAHA:
1. Measles returns to America
2. Pertussis returns to America
3. Chronic hepatitis liver cancer returns
4. Pandemic preparedness gone
5. Swung & missed on autism
6. CDC disassembled
7. Biotech industry shutting down
8. Brain drain underway.
I see that as more oppression by the wealthy. Those near the top of the social hierarchy and most invested in their position make their lives appear better by making the lives of others worse. Killing others off through unrestrained disease is one way to accomplish that goal.
That tweet was followed by one by Dan Diamond. It includes a link to a Washington Post article that is the source and includes a way for a person to look up the stats of their own county. Diamond wrote:
5 million-plus kindergartners now live in counties where schools don’t have “herd immunity” for measles, Washington Post reporters found.
A comment by pelagicray lamented the destruction of the federal executive branch, which included...
That came with significant deaths, many infant and children deaths, from USAID shutdown so chaotic medicine and food went bad in warehouses rather than into a final distribution. That is on us. We let it happen. While many of us voted for the good, collectively it is on all of us. A piece in the U.S. Harvard’s T.H. Chan School of Public Health notes
The Trump administration’s decision to shut down the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) has resulted in hundreds of thousands of deaths from infectious diseases and malnutrition, according to Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health’s Atul Gawande.
After all that something light and sweet. Rund Abdelfatah, host of NPR’s Throughline brought to All Things Considered and 8-minute segment on the history of chocolate. The link also has a transcript.
Well, 2025 is almost over. It’s been a nasty year, mostly because of the nasty guy. Thankfully, I’m mostly personally unscathed by his chaos, but a lot of things I care about have been broken or severely damaged.
I hope 2026 will be better, but I have strong doubts that it will. I hope that your personal life is better in the coming year.
I didn’t go out tonight. I’ll stay up long enough to watch the ball drop on Times Square, then off to bed.
I haven’t written about an episode of Gaslit Nation in a while, mostly because news I want to write about keeps accumulating. But I look across my browser tabs and think, nah, not that today.
The episode of Gaslit Nation is about the Supreme Court, so fits with what I wrote yesterday. Host Andrea Chlupa wrote and produced the movie Mr. Jones about Stalin's genocide famine in Ukraine. That makes it the film The Kremlin doesn't want you to see, a good reason to watch it. I’ve seen it and wrote about it when I did. I recommend the movie.
In this half hour episode Chalupa spoke to Mediba Dennie, author of The Originalism Trap: How Extremists Stole the Constitution and How We, The People, Can Take It Back. She is also the deputy editor and a senior contributor at the critical legal commentary site, Balls and Strikes. I worked from the transcript.
Dennie begins with a definition of Originalism, which means judges rule as if the Constitution is frozen at the moment of enactment. However people understood it then is how we must understand it today. The meaning must remain the same even a couple hundred years later.
The conservative justices embrace this idea and force it on the rest of us – until it doesn’t go where they want it to go. Then they ignore it.
One might see this as a way of making sure the Constitution stays unbiased. But actually it bakes in the biases of the 18th century. That includes all the power dynamics and the racial and gender hierarchies. It refuses to let us have a say in how we rule ourselves. Originalism is MAGA with a law degree. Or the racist Southern Strategy for the Supreme Court.
I add that idea fits right in with what I read in The 1619 Project that says the Constitution was written by slavers to support slavery without actually using that word. So, yes, racial hierarchies are baked in.
Back to Dennie and the origin story of Originalism. When the Supremes decided Brown v. Board of Education “they explicitly rejected the idea of basing their interpretation solely on what the founders may have thought.” They weren’t going to rely on what the authors of the 14th Amendment thought about segregated schools. Besides, the history around the 14th Amendment isn’t clear.
Congress responded with a Declaration of Constitutional Principles, saying the Supremes were wrong in their decision. It was a legal sounding way to constitutionalize their bigotry, but do it in a complicated and mind-numbing way that makes normal people tune out. In simpler words: BS that is massively gaslighting.
An effect of originalism is every woman forced to give birth because of Dobbs. Dennie paraphrased Alito’s basis for his reasoning, “I don't see enough historical evidence that women had rights then, so women don't have rights now.”
The originalist idea has been developed by the Federalist Society. They have chapters in law schools. They have a “cottage industry” of professors to crank out terrible articles to justify it. They promote it among judges. They got a big boost from Ronald Reagan's Justice Department, who also cranked out papers saying originalism is the right way to understand the Constitution. Chief Justice John Roberts is a product of the Reagan White House and DoJ.
Though originalism is well known now, with a majority of justices supporting it, not very long ago it was seen as a fringe idea. Thank the Federalist Society for pushing it so hard.
There is no citizen upswelling calling for originalism. This is the reverse, a small relentless group trying to tell others what and how to think.
How far back to the 18th century are originalists willing to take us? Certainly much farther than most citizens are comfortable with and not any place good. An example is a case heard in a lower court asking whether the Second Amendment applies to non-citizens, whether non-citizens may own guns. That court said the Second Amendment doesn’t apply to non-citizens. A concurring judge added that originalism says the First and Fourth don’t either, saying parts of the Constitution don’t apply to a group of people. That’s dangerous. We’ve long celebrated that a person has certain rights just by being in the US.
Chalupa said understanding the minds of those who wrote the Constitution and basing law on it is difficult because their opinions were all over the place. Debates raged. For example, some were opposed to slavery and others said you’re not touching that. So the Constitution is a massive compromise. The idea that there can be one true original meaning is a farce.
Those promoting originalism realized that getting into the head of those who wrote the Constitution wouldn’t be helpful. So they switched to how an imagined member of the public would have understood it. They researched dictionaries and newspapers of the time. But that’s just a guess. Also, the historical record doesn’t include diaries of slaves and indigenous people (but Alito wouldn’t be interested in that anyway). It does include opinions of slavers. This does not lead to anything more objective.
So what to do?
Chalupa asks why there aren’t constant protests at the Supreme Court naming and shaming the justices?
Dennie says read her book to understand all this is BS. One doesn’t have to be a legal scholar to understand it. We’re not the ones being unreasonable. At the least we can demand originalists switch their focus to the time of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments. These are the ones that allow the Constitution to work for a multiracial democracy.
These amendments are at odds with originalism, which wants things to stay in place while the Constitution says to make them better, to be more inclusive. Even the authors of the Constitution admitted their document should not be frozen – they added a way for it to be amended. They knew they should not govern forever from beyond the grave. We are supposed to have the power to govern ourselves. Dennie paraphrased a line from Jefferson, “Making the country continue to be governed by its barberous ancestors would be like trying to make an adult wear the coat that he wore as a boy.”
Alas, Dennie doesn’t provide any more suggestions on how to fix the problem.
Christopher Armitage of the Daily Kos community wrote about the Supreme Court and asks: “When should you stop following a court's rulings?”
At least three justices have accepted bribes – those gifts from billionaires with cases before the court. They didn’t disclose – which is fraud. But no one will try to hold them accountable and even though they’ve lost legitimacy the assumption of obedience persists.
The Supreme Court gutted the Voting Rights Act in Shelby County v. Holder. That ruling made it easier to suppress votes in ways that benefit Republicans. The Court blessed partisan gerrymandering in Rucho v. Common Cause, making it easier to rig maps in ways that benefit Republicans. The Court unleashed unlimited dark money in Citizens United v. FEC, making it easier to buy elections in ways that benefit Republicans. The Court granted sweeping presidential immunity in Trump v. United States, shielding election interference that benefits Republicans.
Call it what it is: a pattern. Every ruling expands the power of the faction that controls the Court while shrinking the ability of anyone else to challenge that control.
...
So when someone says “just win the next election and expand the Court,” what they’re actually proposing is this: Win an election the Court has made easier to rig. Overcome maps the Court has made easier to gerrymander. Outspend dark money the Court has made unlimited. Then use that victory to reform an institution that will rule your reform unconstitutional the moment you try it.
A court is legitimate through two things: process and substance. Process legitimacy is when the members are properly appointed, it follows its own precedents, and acts neutrally. Substance legitimacy means rulings are grounded in law, and show sound reasoning instead of ideologically desired outcomes.
Here are reasons to declare illegitimacy: The court doesn’t follow rules or changes the rules to protect its misconduct. It legalizes violations after they occur and when caught. The court is corrupt in that it receives benefits from those with cases before it. The court blocks ethics reform, rules in its own favor, and creates its own immunity. There can be no external accountability. Then it shields the corrupt person who helped capture the court. They discipline lower courts but not themselves. Because the Senate is also captured they are beyond democratic reform and replacements will continue the pattern. They sit beyond electoral reach (originally thought to be a good thing).
So why do we insist compliance to their rulings remains the right choice? Of course, the people who benefit from their corrupt rulings declare compliance is best. But not for the rest of us.
Those who insist on compliance say not complying is worse – we would get chaos, institutional breakdown, and Constitutional crisis. But what if compliance is causing those things?
Consider what continued compliance produces. Elections become progressively less fair as voter suppression and gerrymandering compound. Dark money becomes progressively more dominant as disclosure requirements weaken. Executive power becomes progressively less accountable as immunity doctrines expand. And the institution blessing all of this becomes progressively less reformable as it rules every reform unconstitutional.
That trajectory produces crisis in slow motion. Rights erode, dark money floods in, executive power escapes accountability, and nobody panics because it happens gradually enough for the captors to consolidate. The people telling us to work within the system call this stability. Following the rulings of a captured Court doesn’t prevent the breakdown. It paces the breakdown in a way that benefits the people breaking it.
We can’t wait for this system to fix itself, because it is working exactly as intended. So what to do?
The states can assert their own sovereignty. Pass laws to protect residents from federal corruption. Enforce laws in ways that don’t need federal cooperation. Establish their own financing to avoid federal restrictions. Work with like-minded states.
Yes, this is legal. Yes, the courts will rule against it. Yes, it will force a Constitutional confrontation. But that’s coming anyway so states should act while they still have leverage in the face of rising autocracy.
A court’s authority depends of people agreeing to be bound by its decisions, which is earned and not automatic. Courts earn authority by acting legitimately.
This court is daring someone to do something about their corruption. At some point states will. We need to be ready.
I thought a bit about states establishing their own financing. Many, perhaps most, states led by Democrats, send more to Washington in taxes than they receive back in government benefits. That’s definitely true of California. Most states, perhaps all, led by Republicans receive more in federal benefits than they pay in taxes.
One obvious source of financing is for a state to say the federal government is corrupt so send all your federal taxes to the state treasury. That will definitely bring the confrontation Armitage describes. Which is why it might be worth trying.
Well, look at that: A week ago an Associated Press article posted on Kos reported the Supremes refused to allow the nasty guy to deploy National Guard troops to Chicago. The decision was 6-3 with Alito, Thomas, and Gorsuch dissenting.
This is not a final ruling. Yet, before it is finalized it can affect other lawsuits challenging attempts to deploy the Guard to other Democratic-led cities.
Do not take this one ruling as a contradiction of all of Armitage’s discussion above.
Another AP article on Kos discusses the “epidemic of loneliness” in America. We’re less likely to join groups, either civic, union, or church, less likely to hang out in bars and coffee shops. We have fewer friends and trust others less. So no surprise we feel lonely and isolated.
Loneliness has health risks, including dementia, depression, and early death. It also increases political polarization. Destructive business schedules and excessive social media both cause loneliness and are an effect of loneliness. Those with lower education, usually meaning lower income, tend to be more lonely.
Many people now mistrust the social organizations, the civic, union, and church groups, because they have been betrayed. These groups can be harsh on dissenters. Many people now prize personal autonomy, but that doesn’t make for happiness and creates lots of social problems.
People and groups are starting to do something about it. Formal programs and less structured events like potluck suppers are appearing. The Weave: Social Fabric Project connects community builders and trains people in building skills. People in every community have decided to take this on.
In today’s pundit roundup for Kos Chitown Kev quoted Amanda Marcotte of Salon:
But Trump’s most loyal voters, the MAGA base, have developed elaborate mythologies to deny the truth about the president. In their imaginations, he’s not a pathetic genital-grabbing predator but a knightly hero, sent by God to wage war on pedophiles and rapists. Not the real ones, of course, who Trump is more likely to defend; MAGA prefers to fear imaginary pedophiles and rapists. They project their own sins onto innocent people — often LGBTQ+ people or Democratic figures — and avoid thinking too hard about their lavish support for a man whose vile predilections haven’t been hidden. [...]
The MAGA base convinced themselves the Epstein files would expose their opponents. But Trump knows that the Epstein files are a mirror that reflects what his supporters actually voted for: a world where men like Trump and his friends can get away with decades of sexual violence.
Thomas Edsall of the New York Times noted the nasty guy is getting away with corruption that would have been a disaster for any previous president, both Republican and Democrat. Then he gets into why.
The lack of guilt felt by Trump. Enforcement of and obedience to norms in a democracy require recognition of the importance of those norms. Trump shrugs those norms off. In most but not all of these cases, he is unapologetic and transparent about what he is doing, enabling him to avoid the trap that ensnared Richard Nixon and Bill Clinton, both of whom discovered that the cover-up is often worse than the crime. [...]
Structural frailty. American democracy and the Constitution are not equipped to deal in an effective and timely manner with a president who aggressively and willfully tramples the law. [...]
In the comments exlrrp posted a meme with the author’s name redacted.
My uncle said he wouldn’t discuss Trump with me unless I said one good thing he’s done so I said he’s normalizing makeup for men and it didn’t go as I planned.
Afra Kroon posted a cartoon by Ivan Ehlers showing two men in MAGA caps. One says, “I don’t care what the Epstein files say... I’d rather have a pedophile rapist grifting the country than admit I was ever wrong.”
A tweet from Brian Allen:
JD Vance just said the quiet part out loud.
On camera, he admitted that Jared Kushner – Trump’s son-in-law, with no official government role – is the “investor” in the Middle East “peace” talks.
Read that again.
U.S. foreign policy outsourced to a family business deal.
Just below that is a meme:
The left says corrupt billionaires are the problem.
The right says corrupt government is the problem.
And I’m here like, you do realize corrupt billionaires are running the corrupt government, right?